The most ancient traces of the person on Chyprus go back to the Stone Age, and the civilization to which testifies the kept inscriptions on a stone, has arisen here in the end of the third century B. C. However the ethical accessory of founders of this civilization is not established: inscriptions are not deciphered. In the middle of the second century up to the our era Chyprus became one of the centers of the Mycenaean culture developed in early slaveholding cities-states. Because of the site at a joint of three continents of the Old World Chyprus became apple of discord both for direct neighbours, and for other states of an antiquity and the Middle Ages. For some millenia of existence it was independent only few years. In the first millenium B.C. it was owned by assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Alexander the Great’s deputies, again Egyptians, Romans. In the fourth century B.C. it was a part of Byzantium, in the seventh century has been grasped by arabs, in the twelfth century — by Venice. In 1571 the country has been won to Turks and more than 300 years were a part of Ottoman empire. Since 1878 (it is formal since 1925) Chyprus has got under authority of English colonizers. Incessant struggle of Cypriotes has compelled England for negotiations about granting to Chyprus independence. On August, 16th, 1960 the independent Republic Chyprus has been solemnly proclaimed, that was significant step forward in historical development of Cyprian people. In 1974 northern part of island was occupied by turkish armies where in 1975 the Turkish Federal State Chyprus renamed per 1983 in Turkish Republic Northern Chyprus has been proclaimed, however the state it is not recognized by the United Nations. The Republic Chyprus (the Greek sector) is a member of the United Nations, IMF, the CART, British Commonwealth of the nations, a member of EU. A state system: the Head of the state and the government — the president. The highest legislature — the unicameral House of Representatives. |
